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Visegrad, Hungary. Szentendre and Visegrad


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On our second day in Hungary, we planned a trip north of Budapest, to the cities of Visegrad (or, more familiar to our ears, Visegrad) and Szentendre. The trip turned out to be very interesting and eventful. Today I will talk about the first part of our journey.


The weather that day was, to put it mildly, not the sunniest, but there was no rain and the half-hour drive to Visegrad flew by completely unnoticed during the conversation.

In the city of Vysehrad, Hungary // allworld4us.livejournal.com


The first point of the program here was the Marble Palace of the 15th century Hungarian king Matthias Corvinus.

Marble Palace in Visegrad, Hungary // allworld4us.livejournal.com


The name “Marble” does not mean that when you arrive in Visegrad, you will see something like the Parthenon. The palace was almost completely destroyed during the conquest of Hungary by the Turks and was subsequently buried underground for many years. Only in the 20th century the palace was found again, and excavations and subsequent reconstruction began.

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The former appearance of the palace, which was the subject of legends throughout Europe during the years of its construction, is being restored very slowly.

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So far there is no question of marble finishing, and carefully reconstructed copies have been installed instead of the once famous fountains.

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The glory of the palace as almost a wonder of the world was well deserved - apparently it was the first building in the Renaissance style outside of Italy.

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Although it did not remain a real royal palace for long, becoming the summer palace of the royal family after the capital was moved to Buda, the best works of architecture and architecture in the country were concentrated here. There is a small museum in several rooms of the palace, where you can see how difficult and painstaking the work of archaeologists is, restoring the appearance of the palace and works of art, literally smashed to smithereens by the invaders.

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Despite the fact that many rooms of the palace have not yet been fully restored, even remaining without a roof, some rooms contain (albeit rather modest) reconstruction of the interiors.

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Everything doesn’t look very convincing yet, but by the time the work is completely completed, these things may already have acquired a decent antique look. :)

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Here, by the way, we once again saw sitting beds, the history of which is dedicated to the study of one. Here, having compared the height of the knight's armor and the length of the bed, we were once again convinced that it was seated, and not just designed for the small stature of the people of the Middle Ages.

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We found two large tiled stoves in the adjacent rooms of the palace to be one of the most impressive interior items. There were also interesting exhibits (for example, a royal bath with a device for heating water hidden in the wall), which may be more interesting to historians than tourists.

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The territory of the palace is also being reconstructed, but, as it seemed to us, at an even slower pace. Most likely, more than one year will pass until Matthias’s residence can be seen in a form close to the original.

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But the Marble Palace is not the only and not the main thing that attracts tourists to Visegrad. On the hill above the palace are the ruins of the much older Visegrad Castle, dating back to the 13th century.

Ruins of Visegrad Castle, Hungary // allworld4us.livejournal.com


It was built on the site of an even more ancient citadel, destroyed during the Mongol invasion.

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Now the castle houses a more or less standard collection of medieval entertainment, familiar to those who have visited old castles, for example, in the Czech Republic or Romania. All sorts of antique objects, siege weapons, photos in costumes and archery. There is also a wax museum, with an entrance fee, which we decided not to go to. :)

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But, perhaps, the main reason why you should climb the mountain is the panoramic views of the Danube that open from the observation decks and castle walls.

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The weather, unfortunately, did not contribute to the best visibility, but the sight of clouds flying over the ruins of ancient walls and disappearing into the haze of the Danube expanses still left a strong impression! We were immediately reminded of Tolkien's "The Cloudy Peak" - although we were not expecting a visit from the Nazgul. :)

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The castle itself is not very well preserved - despite attempts at restoration and reconstruction, it is still more of a ruin.

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A couple of rooms here are also reserved for a rather eclectic museum of antiquities, assembled according to the principle of “from the world one at a time” :)

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Other rooms remain open-air and serve as observation platforms.

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The view from here seems to be even better than from the foot of the walls. :)

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A falconer was spotted near the house seen in the previous photo. Most likely, during the tourist season, when there are more visitors to the castle, he also offers costume photo sessions, but this time he was busy with his own business, although he did not refuse to show us one of his pets.

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Having walked around the perimeter of the Upper Castle, we moved towards the exit.

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But before we continue our trip, we still have one more unfinished business in Visegrad! :)

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While still standing on the observation deck, we clearly saw a large tower located below the castle, almost on the very bank of the Danube.

Solomon's Tower in Visegrad, Hungary // allworld4us.livejournal.com


By that time, we already knew that this was nothing more than Solomon’s Tower - very interesting in its history.

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That's where we headed!

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The Visegrad fortress (both upper and lower parts) was built by King Bela IV in 1245-1255. in the place where there were the remains of fortifications built by the Romans. Only one residential tower of the fortress has been completely preserved to this day - Solomon's Tower, one of the tallest and most impressive Romanesque fortifications preserved in Central Europe.

Tradition says that the tower got its name because King Solomon was imprisoned here. But this is not a biblical character, but the king of Hungary from the Arpad dynasty, the son of Andras (Endre) I and Anastasia, daughter of the Kyiv prince Yaroslav the Wise, who lived in 1063-1074.

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In 1325, King Charles I Robert made Visegrad his residence and the fortress was occupied by the royal court. According to archaeologists, it was then that Solomon's Tower was fortified. The last grandiose reconstruction was done at the end of the 15th century during the reign of King Matthias. At the beginning of Turkish hostilities, the tower was significantly damaged, the southern part was completely destroyed. After the expulsion of the Turks, the tower was empty; the stones of the fortress were dismantled for building material.

The Danube Bend is a place where the second largest river in Europe changes its direction several times, making a sharp bend in the valley of the Carpathian basin. This place is considered very popular among tourists, as there are a number of small towns here that are interesting for their architecture, history and culture. Among all these towns, the most frequently visited are the cities of Szentendre, Visegrad and Esztergom.

The Hungarian town of Szentendre is called the “southern gate” of the Danube bend. The most famous attractions of this city are the temples built in the 14th - 17th centuries in the Rococo style, the Museum of Serbian Orthodox Church Art, the Szabó Marzipan Museum and the 31-kilometer-long Szentendrei Island, which has several wonderful golf courses.

Visegrad is a city that houses the magnificent Palace of King Matthias with 350 rooms and luxurious red marble wells. In addition to the palace, in the city you can see the five-story Chalamon Tower, built in the 13th century, Shibrik Hill - the remains of a Roman military camp of the 4th century, and a large excursion center on Mount Modyoro.

The “Western Gate” of the Danube bend, the city of Esztergom, attracts tourists with its ancient history, because it was considered the capital of Hungary for almost 250 years at the beginning of the second millennium. In the city, you should definitely visit such places as the Basilica on the Fortress Hill - the symbol of the city with the largest altar image in the country, and the Fortress Museum.

Observation deck on the Danube Bend

The observation deck on the Danube Bend is located in Visegrad (Vysehrad).

Visegrad, this Slavic name for the fortress “vishegrad” - “high city”, has been preserved since Roman times. Visegrad is built on the top of a mountain. The observation deck is located at an altitude of 342 meters at the foot of which the Danube makes a 180-degree turn and presents an unforgettable picture that can be observed from the observation deck of the citadel.

Visegrad is a fortified city. It received its name from the Slavs who inhabited these lands until the 9th century and means “city on a high place.” Located at the junction of Slavic territories and western lands, 48 ​​km from Budapest.

Previously, there were Roman settlements here, and the fortress itself was built only in the 13th century and is surrounded by high impregnable walls. You can enter inside only through secret passages or along one narrow staircase.

What sights of Visegrad did you like? Next to the photo there are icons, by clicking on which you can rate a particular place.

Visegrad Fortress and Solomon's Tower

The Visegrád fortress and palace were destroyed in the 18th century by Habsburg troops in the war for Hungary. To date, only one tower of the fortress has been preserved - Solomon's Tower. According to legend, it was in this tower that Vlad Tepes was imprisoned at one time.

The Visegrad Fortress is considered the main attraction of Visegrad, a very small city in Hungary.

The fortress was built above the bend of the Danube on the top of the Sibrik hill, and from its walls there is a beautiful view of the surrounding landscapes.

After devastating wars, the fortress was almost completely destroyed; its restoration began in the 19th century.

Tourists on excursions are told about its ancient citadel buildings and Solomon's Tower, in which Count Dracula himself was imprisoned.

To this day, only one residential tower of the fortress has been completely preserved - the Tower of Solomon. Its powerful walls reach eight meters in thickness. It is considered a tall and imposing fortification of the Romanesque style that survived in Central Europe.

Matej Csak took possession of the fortress at the beginning of the 14th century, and later it was occupied by the royal court and King Charles I Robert made Visegrad his residence.

When the Turkish war came, the southern part was destroyed, and after the yoke was expelled, Solomon's Tower was empty, the stones were dismantled for building material.

The most popular attractions in Visegrad with descriptions and photographs for every taste. Choose the best places to visit famous places in Visegrad on our website.

If you head strictly north from Budapest, then after just 43 km you can enter the smallest city in Hungary, Vysehrad. It is located in the place where the Danube, dividing into two branches, turns its leisurely flow to the south and covers the Szentedrei Island, uniting into a single stream only in Budapest.



A little history.

Despite its offensive current title - the smallest city in Hungary - Visegrad is a significant milestone in the history of this country. Historical excavations date the appearance of the first settlements in these places to the Stone Age.

The first fortifications were erected in these places by the Romans in the 4th century. The first written evidence confirming the existence of the city dates back to 1009. Initially, the city was not protected by a fortress and served as a trading place, taking advantage of its advantageous location.




The situation was changed by the Mongol-Tatar invasion in 1241-1242. The evil Asians, according to the established good tradition, carried out landscape design of the area with an emphasis on their beloved steppe.




Be that as it may, Visegrad, like many other Hungarian cities, was completely destroyed. Taught by bitter experience, the new Hungarian kings began to pay increased attention to the construction of fortresses. Visegrad was not left out either.

On the personal instructions of the then Hungarian king Bela IV, construction of a fortress began here. Moreover, it is unknown how long the construction would have continued if a very important event for the fate of the city had not happened. The fact is that in 1323 the Hungarian capital was moved here. The city owes this significant event to the new king, Karoly Robert.




The new king became the founder of the Anjou dynasty and did not enjoy the support of the inhabitants of the then capital of Buda. It was this fact that became decisive in the further fate of Visegrad. The city, having received the title of capital city, began to develop rapidly.

Being in essence also a royal residence, the city felt a shortage of palaces. In order to improve this situation, it was decided to build a large ceremonial palace.

In 1335, crowned persons were already received here. And Visegrad would be the new Paris, if not for one thing. Karol Károly Robert died, and his son, of course also a king - Lajos the Great, returned the status of the capital to Buda in 1350.




The palace was empty and living in the city became less fun. The calm lasted for more than a hundred years, until the next strong Hungarian king, Matthias Corvinus, decided to remember the palace. Having relatives in Italy, the king often visited them and had the opportunity to enjoy the Renaissance architecture that was fashionable at that time.

King Matthias was so captivated by what he saw that he became a prominent adherent of this style. The Visegrad Palace, which was rebuilt in accordance with new trends, also suffered in this regard. After completion of construction, the marble palace of Matthias Corvinus became one of the most beautiful in Europe at that time. In any case, this is how his contemporaries characterized him.

Unfortunately, the invasion of the Turks in the 15th century led to its complete destruction. And today there is no way to appreciate the former greatness of the palace. Although a certain part of it has now been restored and is being received on this occasion, there is an increased flow of visitors.




As for the Visegrad fortress, time has not been kind to it either. It is not clear how one tower survived, which is called Solomon's Tower. But this tower is the most famous of the entire fortress.

It was here that King Sigismund was imprisoned in 1401. And according to historical information, he was in this dungeon for almost six months, until his supporters inflicted a series of defeats, which betrayed him to the barons. Subsequently, the king recalled with a smile the time of captivity as the calmest time in his life. And he even worried about repairing the tower and fortress.




The story of the imprisonment of Prince Vlad the Impaler, popularly known as Count Dracula, in the tower is also of interest. The thing is that Transylvania, now part of Romania, at that time was an integral part of Hungary.

The piquancy of the situation was that King Matthias, the then ruler of the latter, was related to Prince Tepes. The notorious impaler was married to the king's sister.

A maniacal killer was saved from a mental hospital for a long time by cronyism at court. But he didn’t help either when a denunciation was written against the prince that he was allegedly preparing a coup d’etat in order to take the Hungarian throne.




The accusation was serious and the king needed to somehow respond to it. The result of his reaction was the imprisonment of Vlad the Impaler in Visegrad, in the fortress, in Solomon's Tower. Rather, it was not even a conclusion, but an exile. You don't go to prison with your wife!

Yes, plus to this you can add free movement around the fortress, as well as a three-star room in the five-story tower itself. In short, they sent me thirty kilometers away so that everything would dry up. And Dracula lived in Visegrad, without remorse, for another twelve years and died of banal old age. But this is just a legend. Search for cheap hotels.




If we rely on historical facts, then Vlad the Impaler was a very colorful figure in Wallachia, and devoted most of his life to the fight against the Turks. In 1463, as a result of betrayal, he was forced to flee to Hungary, where he was falsely accused of collaborating with the Turks and imprisoned in a temporary detention center - Solomon's Tower.

By the way, after leaving prison, the prince abandoned the rehabilitation period and immediately went to war against the Turks. A year later, Dracula was already in his native Wallachia, where he removed Lajot Basarab from the throne and was recognized by the boyars as their prince.

A fortification system built between 1240 and 1250 on the site of fortifications destroyed during the Mongol conquest.

Lower Castle

This is part of the fortification system that connected the Upper Castle with the Danube. In the center stands the large hexagonal Solomon's Tower, built in the 13th century. You can see it if you go to Visegrad on highway 11.

Royal Palace

Medieval residential tower, an impressive citadel that has been partially restored in Renaissance style. The reconstructed royal palace hosts exhibitions dedicated to the history of the rulers' residence, as well as showcasing the restored interior decoration. The palace is open to the public, and conditions have been created for people with disabilities. The hike will take approximately 30 - 50 minutes.

Sibrik Hill

The ruins of this Roman military camp are located outside Visegrad. The hill located north of the city offers views of the Danube (Danube).

To the north of Budapest there are beautiful cities worthy of a traveler's attention. You need to visit them to feel the Hungarian flavor and learn more about the history of this country. 20 km from Budapest - a city of craftsmen and artists Szentendre, impressive with its authentic atmosphere. A picturesque road along the Danube bend will lead to an ancient fortress Vysehrad Esztergom- an ancient city, the first capital of Hungary. It is located just 60 km north of Budapest, on the southern bank of the Danube on the border with Slovakia.

Szentendre, which means Saint Andrew in Latin, was founded back in the 11th century. The name was given to it by the Hungarian king Stephen. In the 14th century, Serbian and Greek refugees rebuilt the town that had been incinerated by the Tatar-Mongols. The convenient location on the Danube contributed to the development of trade and crafts. Szentendre has become a haven for many nations; this mixture of religions and cultures has made the architecture and flavor of the city unique. The beautiful Catholic Church of Saints Peter and Paul, the reformist Church of the Assumption and four Orthodox churches of the 18th century have been preserved and are still in use: the Church of the Transfiguration, the Greek Church of the Annunciation, the Serbian Churches of the Epiphany and the Cathedral. The 8th-9th century Roman Catholic parish church is famous for the oldest wall hourglass.

Since the beginning of the 19th century, artists have chosen the beautiful city. Szentendre was filled with numerous art workshops, this became a new round of development of the town. There was even such a term in art as the “Sentendrei school”.

The museum town of Szentendre invites you to take leisurely romantic walks along cozy small streets and along the beautiful embankment. Of particular interest are the narrow streets between low houses, decorated with small arches on top. They are called "tez". The entrance to such streets resembles the entrance to a small courtyard, but when you go deeper, you see narrow city stairs rising up. It is difficult for two people to pass each other on the original streets of Tez.

In Szentendre, it’s nice to sit in the squares at the tables of a cozy cafe or in one of the many authentic restaurants serving national Hungarian cuisine. The main street is full of souvenir shops. Tourists walk along the shopping arcades, looking with interest and buying souvenirs: Hungarian seasonings or embroidered clothes, which actually cost twice or even three times less in a supermarket or market. But the realization that the item was bought in the fabulous city of craftsmen Szentendre is probably worth the extra money.

While walking along the central streets of the city, looking at the shopping arcades and restaurant facades, from time to time turn into one of the many museums in Szentendre. - this is where there is freedom for those with a sweet tooth. Along with the museums of Tallinn and Lubeck, it is one of the three most famous museums in Europe dedicated to this sweet. On the ground floor there is a workshop and a store. You can see how sweet marzipan masterpieces are created and painted, and purchase them. And the second floor of the museum is occupied by a stunning exhibition of figures made from marzipan.

Each room has its own theme. Funny characters from Disney cartoons, small and human-sized, make children “stick” to the windows and touch adults. What you won’t see in this museum: figures of significant people of Europe, members of the Royal families, athletes, rich marzipan castles, elegant furniture, elegant carriages and fancy cars, a huge delicious cake, voluminous paintings and entire scenes from various famous fairy tales throughout the display case. The Marzipan Museum produces the most vivid impressions, which can be cemented by tasting a sweet marzipan souvenir bought in a store.

Another sweet museum - confectionery Dobosh. This is a traditional Hungarian cake named after its creator, József Dobos. The national confectionery product made from several layers of sponge cake with caramel glaze and chocolate cream has been known since 1885. This is the favorite cake of the Austrian and Hungarian Empress Elizabeth, affectionately known as Sisi.

Interesting wine museum. Hungary is famous for the original and unique taste of this drink. Moreover, in each region of the country the taste and aroma of wine is different, depending on the number of sunny days, temperature, and landscape of the area. Here you can attend a tasting of this drink of the gods for a fee. Entrance to the museum can be free if you purchase a bottle of wine on the way out.

The center of the small Fetyr square is occupied by the Plague Column of 1752, crowned with the Orthodox cross of Lazarus. Nearby stands the Church of the Annunciation in an elegant Rococo style. On the square you will find many art museums: an art gallery in an 18th century Serbian trading house, a museum of the Ferenczi family of painters and sculptors, and nearby the museum of graphic artist Lajos Vajda.

Museum of Ceramics Margit Kovacs very popular in Hungary. It was this world-famous artist who first used the potter's wheel to make large sculptures and compositions. Having passed several stops on a city bus, or easily covered a short distance by car, you find yourself in the ancient world of Hungary of the 18th-20th centuries. This Skansen— Ethnographic open-air museum. It’s worth visiting here to get acquainted with the way of life, way of life, architecture, and culture of the Hungarian people. About 400 unique houses, collected from all regions of Hungary and restored in the museum, are divided into zones, depending on the “age” of the building.

You can pick up a guide to Skansen free of charge at the entrance and feel free to hit the road. An ancient steam locomotive runs around the museum and takes visitors to different stops, puffing clouds of smoke and emitting long whistles. Skansen is very interesting and educational for both adults and children. Ancient wooden and stone churches with ancient icons and towels amaze with their decoration and atmosphere. The restored city street with stone houses, cobblestone streets, shops and shops takes you back to the 18th century. In the workshops you can not only watch how artisans, shoemakers, laundresses, soap makers, and potters work, but also try to make some product yourself.

The restored village with mills and houses of poor and rich residents introduces the way of life in the countryside. The children's delight and admiration is caused by the peasant yard with live chickens, geese, cows, buffaloes, sheep, pigs, and horses. You can feed them and pet them. And children's ancient folk games, which even inquisitive adults enjoy playing, interesting master classes on folk crafts and blacksmithing help to learn more about the culture and traditions of past centuries of Hungary.

To walk along Skansen, comfortable shoes, a hat, a large supply of water and 2-3 hours of free time are required.
The picturesque banks of the Danube amaze with their beauty. The majestic river carries its waters through many European countries. In Hungary, the Danube turns 90 degrees south. Here the river valley, surrounded on both sides by mountains, forms a bend. The road along the Danube impresses with its natural splendor.

50 km from Budapest, on a mountain above the Danube valley, a powerful Vysehrad fortress, built after the Tatar-Mongol invasion. This fortress withstood many sieges and battles in the Middle Ages, but in the 18th century it was destroyed by the Habsburgs during the war for Hungarian lands. Now all that remains of the powerful fortress are the destroyed fortress walls and one Solomon’s Tower. The walls of this tower, 8 meters thick, reliably protected one of the most cruel people in Europe, Vlad the Impaler, known to everyone as Count Dracula, for 12 years. This is where he died.

Inside the tower there is a museum exhibition telling about the era of the knights. It is worth going up to the fortress to enjoy a fabulous view of the Danube bend and the surrounding area from one of the observation platforms. For a short time in the 14th century, the city of Visegrad was the capital of the Hungarian state. Not far from the fortress, at the foot of the mountain, almost on the banks of the Danube, King Matthias ordered the construction of a wonderful marble palace. In the 14th-16th centuries, after the capital of Hungary was moved to Buda, the Visegrad Palace became the summer residence of the Hungarian kings. Together with the fortress, the beautiful palace was razed to the ground in the 18th century. Now archaeologists have restored only the courtyard, a few rooms and the well of Hercules. After wandering through the ruins of the royal palace, we set off further along the road along the banks of the Danube.

Esztergom- one of the oldest and most beautiful cities on the bend of the Danube, 60 km from Budapest. This ancient city, founded in the 1st century, was of great importance in the cultural, state and religious development of Hungary. Esztergom was the first capital of the country; the residence of the Hungarian primate, the Archbishop of Esztergom, is located here.

Already from afar, when approaching the city, the dome is visible Basilica of St. Adalbert and the fortress walls of the Royal Palace of the Arpad dynasty, towering above the surrounding area on Mount Varhegy. St. Adalbert's Basilica is the main operating Catholic church in Hungary, the tallest and largest church in the country. The height of the Basilica is 100 m, it was built in 1010 by King Stephen the Saint as the first Christian cathedral in Hungary. In Esztergom, Istvan, beloved by the Hungarian people, was crowned. Over the past centuries, this cathedral has been destroyed and restored more than once. The modern appearance of the Basilica has been preserved after new construction, completed with the consecration of the temple in 1856.

The entrance to the Basilica is on the west side, and the ticket office is also located here. The decoration of the cathedral is impressive: marble sculptures and columns, beautiful ancient frescoes and mosaics, icons and an altar made by skilled Hungarian and Italian craftsmen. The organ rises majestically; in 1856, at the opening of the Basilica, the famous Hungarian composer Franz Liszt performed the solemn Grand Mass on it.

The treasury of the Basilica of St. Adalbert makes a stunning impression. Luxuriously decorated with jewelry, gold and silver, church utensils, vestments of kings and archbishops, fine gold cast crosses, exquisite dishes - in total more than 400 wonderful exhibits are presented in the rich treasury. By the way, at the exit there is a small shop where you can buy books and souvenirs at cheaper prices than under the walls of the temple.

Under the Basilica there is a crypt - the burial place of famous archbishops, cardinals, and famous figures of Hungary. Their graves are decorated with sculptures, and the crypt itself is decorated in a gloomy ancient Egyptian style.

Necessarily climb to the dome of the Basilica. The height of the temple is 100 m and the high height of the hill on which it is located allows you to look around everything. The dome offers a delightful and unique view of the Danube, the Slovak city of Sturovo, which is on the opposite bank of the river, and the ancient and luxurious Esztergom itself. This beauty takes your breath away.

From the dome of the Basilica you can see the courtyard of the Royal Palace, which is located next to the temple. The palace houses an interesting city museum. You can see a collection of weapons from the 15th to 18th centuries, carved stones preserved from the first basilica founded by King Stephen the Saint, and get acquainted with the history of the city from its foundation to the present day.
From the hill on which the Royal Palace and the Basilica rise, enjoy views of the Danube bend, cozy Hungarian and Slovak houses on both banks of the majestic river. The banks are connected by the 500-meter Maria Valeria Bridge, named after the daughter of Franz Joseph, Emperor of Austria-Hungary. It was built in 1895 and blown up in 1944 during the retreat of German troops. This beautiful bridge was restored only in 2001, and before that local residents used the crossing over the Danube.

After such a busy sightseeing tour, pamper yourself and relax in Aquapark Esztergom. It is close to the city's main attractions. A small but cozy water park, with beautiful pools and various water slides, is popular among residents of Hungary and Slovakia.

Hungary is a unique country, it has a unique language, unlike others, a special culture, interesting history, friendly people. Szentendre, Vysehrad, Esztergom - the picturesque towns along the Danube bend are remembered for their color, rich history and culture, and magnificent nature.

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