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Leipzig located on Saxon soil, in the east. It is primarily known for its fairs, as well as educational and cultural institutions.

Peculiarities

The city has an impressive number of striking historical attractions and is rightfully considered one of the most important cultural centers of the country. In addition, there are branches of many large financial companies, banks and famous firms whose brands have high prestige throughout the world. Leipzig's ideally designed layout and exemplary transport links allow local residents and visitors to move freely and quickly in the right direction. Numerous hotels offer the highest level of comfort, and the level of service in them fully corresponds to the German reputation. Restaurants, cafes, nightclubs, entertainment venues and amusement parks operate daily, invariably delighting their visitors with the excellent quality of service. The presence of green park areas allows lovers of outdoor recreation to have a great time in the city without leaving it. The local architecture, replete with both modern buildings and ancient houses of the 17th-18th centuries, does not leave many tourists indifferent. At one time, such outstanding personalities of world history as Johann Sebastian Bach, Gustav Ludwig Hertz, Karl Liebknecht, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe and others were born and lived here.

general information

Lepzig is the largest city in the state of Saxony, covering an area of ​​297.6 square meters. km. The population is more than 500 thousand people. Time zone UTC+1. Telephone code +49 341. Official website leipzig.de.

A brief excursion into history

The first written mention of Leipzig appeared in 1015; in fact, the development of this city shapes the history of Saxony. Leipzig was founded at the intersection of two ancient trade routes, the Via Regia and the Via Imperia, and earned a reputation as a trading center. The famous Leipzig Fair is known far beyond Germany; today there are also huge exhibition complexes and fairs located to the north of the city. Traces of Leipzig's history in the form of architectural buildings, city walls and estates can be found throughout the city.

Climate

Leipzig has a temperate, humid continental climate, which is strongly influenced by the ocean. The average temperature in the winter months is very changeable and fluctuations can range from +4 to -12 degrees. Moreover, rain is much more typical for this time of year than snow. Summer is more subject to forecasts, although there are often surprises here too. The thermometer value can either rise to +22 or drop to +12. In general, the weather in the region is highly variable and unpredictable.

How to get there

Leipzig is the largest transport hub in Saxony; from Moscow you can only get here by connecting flights: via Vienna (Aeroflot, Austrian), Munich (Lufthansa), Dusseldorf (Germanwings). Travel time takes about 5 hours, depending on the flight.

• Leipzig Airport Leipzig/Halle Airport (IATA: LEJ) is located 22 km northwest of the city center and is the second largest in East Germany after Berlin.

Transport

The main means of transportation around the city is the tram, but you can also use buses. S-bahn trains cross the city center in a north-south direction through the city tunnel, connecting Hauptbahnhof and Bayerischer Bahnhof via the Markt underground stations and at Wilhelm-Leuschner Platz.

Attractions and entertainment

The largest number of main attractions in Leipzig are concentrated in the area Market Square, near the building Town Halls, built in 1567. Now it contains City History Museum, divided into several halls, among which stand out the Mendelssohn Hall, the Peasant Hall, marked by signs of the late Baroque, the impressive Armory Hall with its exhibits and the magnificent treasury with unique jewelry and art objects collected in it. The restaurant and reception hall deserve special attention. The town hall itself is also admirable. Its current appearance fully characterizes the traditions of late Gothic architecture. Under the main tower of the building there is a passage that connects the Market Square with the Naschmarkt square. In both niches of the town hall there are two sculptures in the form of fountains, symbolizing children bathing, on one side a boy and on the other a girl. Next to the city hall is the old stock exchange, designed in the classical Baroque style. Many years ago, merchants and other noble people of Leipzig gathered in its inner halls. Nearby rise the graceful Church of St. Nicholas And Supreme Court building, where today forensic experts of the Federal Administrative Representation sit. The Leipzig Grassi Museum combines within its walls the exhibitions of three museums: the Museum of Musical Instruments, the Museum of Decorative and Applied Arts and the Ethnographic Museum.

One of the main symbols of the city is considered Monument to the Battle of the Nations, dedicated to the events of 1813, when Napoleon suffered a crushing defeat from the Allied army, consisting of soldiers from Russia, Prussia, Sweden and Austria. The memorial was built at the very end of the 18th century and to this day is the largest structure of its kind in Europe. The height of the monument is 91 meters, and to climb to the observation deck at the very top you need to overcome 500 steps. However, for those who do not want to burden themselves with physical effort, there have recently been two elevators, although they only rise to the second level, to a height of 57 meters. Inside the memorial there is a Hall of Fame, along the perimeter of which, “supporting” vertical partitions, there are 4 majestic stone sculptures, in appearance reminiscent of ancient heroes of antiquity, but in reality they are “memorial workers”, personifying faith, courage, people's will and dedication. The ceiling depicts figures of 324 horsemen, and the central sculpture of the hall is the Archangel Michael, who plays the role of protector and protects German soldiers during battles. In 2003, large-scale reconstruction work began on the structure, which should be completed by 2013.

The most unusual attraction in Leipzig is a restaurant called " Auerbach's cellar", located on Grimmaische Strasse, a few tens of meters from the Market Square. The entrance to it is preceded by an original sculptural composition in the form of the warlock Johann Faust and Mephistopheles accompanying him. There are 4 halls with a capacity of 20 to 40 people, but to become a current visitor to one of them you need to book seats in advance and prepare for the fact that the amount of money for a couple of hours spent in one of the most famous restaurants in the world will be impressive. First of all, the establishment is known for its ancient wines, which, according to rumors, have been stored in the basement of the restaurant since the day of its foundation, that is, at least since 1438. Among other interesting places worth visiting, it is worth highlighting the cafe-museum " At the Arabian coffee tree» on Kleine Fleischergasse, Leipzig Zoo, with Europe's largest aquarium and the world's largest primate department, Memorial Church memory of Russian soldiers and Gothic Church of St. Thomas, founded at the beginning of the 13th century. In addition to the outstanding historical and cultural sites of the city, Leipzig is home to a number of famous educational institutions, such as Leipzig University, Academy of Visual Arts, Higher School of Music and theater, Graduate School of Management and University of Applied Sciences. Among the museums, the museums of modern and fine arts, the Museum of Nature and the unusual Museum of the History of Psychiatry deserve special attention.

The most significant event for most local residents and guests of the city is the world famous Leipzig fair. It is held annually in March and is a huge market with exhibition complexes, galleries and shops, occupying a space of several tens of square meters. km. The fair includes trade in various areas, from souvenirs and luxury clothing to cutting-edge computer technology and the latest car models. Every year it is visited by thousands of people, including foreign citizens of many countries who come to Germany specifically for the duration of the event. In terms of the number of people, this is the largest international event in the country. A stay in Leipzig is always full of impressions; this city leaves no one indifferent and is one of the brightest, most colorful and spectacular in the lands of Saxony.

Accommodation

It is worth considering that Leipzig is one of the main trade fair centers, and during major events it can be quite difficult to book a hotel, and prices also rise significantly. Leipzig has a good selection of hotels of all categories, but a particularly large selection of mid-range hotels.

Kitchen

The city's culinary options are very wide, with various cuisines from around the world represented, as well as cafes and restaurants serving typical Leipzig dishes.

shopping

The central part of the city has many shops, concentrated mainly in pedestrian areas. City and country souvenirs can be purchased from shops scattered throughout Old City Hall. The Christmas market is held on a large scale in Leipzig, which opens in the last week of November and continues until Christmas - this is one of the most important events in the city, during the same period a themed carnival and various celebrations take place.

Precautionary measures

You should beware of pickpockets in public places, otherwise the city is safe.

Leipzig

, being the largest city in Saxony in East Germany, lives up to its status. Since ancient times, Leipzig has been known as a city with centuries-old traditions in education, culture, and business life.

The first book fair started in the city back in 1497, and the local university reached an honorable age in 600 years.

Often Leipzig is also called the musical capital, because it is here Johann Sebastian Bach lived for more than twenty years, creating music and working with the Tomanerkhor church boys choir, a music festival in his honor has been held here since 1904, the author of the wedding march lived and worked here Mendelssohn, they created here Wagner And Schumann.

And even the difficult times of the German Democratic Republic did not deprive Leipzig of its status as the cultural and business center of Saxony. Today, local residents are proud second place in Leipzig on the list of the most important banking centers in Germany.

The most interesting sights of Leipzig in Germany

A city with such a history always has something to offer discerning tourists, therefore, whatever the interests of travelers, Leipzig cannot be avoided. A must visit in Leipzig recommended:

• museums and galleries;
• cathedrals, temples, churches;
• architectural monuments, including castles and estates.

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Leipzig Museums

Renewed in 2010 325 year old Bach Museum will allow every visitor to look into the life history of the great composer, his family and learn even more about his music. The museum is equipped with modern technology that allows you to view the composer’s manuscripts on display and listen to his musical works.

The museum even stores such relics as a box for money savings. On the territory of the museum there is a Summer Hall, where you can listen to concerts of classical and chamber music, an audio room, a cafe and even a small garden. By the way, every Tuesday you can get into the museum completely free of charge.

In Leipzig, only one house has survived in which he lived and worked. Felix Mendelssohn, and it is there that a museum was created in honor of the composer. The creators of the museum tried to preserve the true furnishings in the rooms of this only house as much as possible - in addition to the original furniture, in the museum you can see personal belongings, letters, notes and documents of F. Mendelssohn.

Museum Runden Ecke is located in a house that for residents of Leipzig is a symbol of repression during the GDR. In the building of the former Ministry of State Security there is an exhibition from which you can learn a lot about the recruitment of agents, their disguise and the technical devices used to carry out tasks.

Thirty kilometers from Leipzig in 1968-1972 it was built Stasi bunker, which today is part of the Runden Ecke museum complex. The bunker was intended for shelter in the event of a nuclear war, and all the equipment, the purpose of which was to provide life support to the people sheltering in the bunker, is still in working order.

All rooms in the bunker are also accessible to visitors, but only with a guided tour.

At Leipzig University created museum of ancient history– here are collected items of applied art created from the twentieth century BC. up to 500-600 years.

German Horticultural Museum in Leipzig is the only museum in the world with such a focus. The entire history of the development of gardening in Germany over two hundred years is collected here.

In addition, in the museum you can see what summer houses looked like in the nineteenth century, get acquainted with the collection of garden tools and, of course, admire the wonderful flower beds.

Surely tourists will be interested in such sights of Leipzig as Saxon Pharmaceutical Museum, art Museum And Museum of Printing Arts. Worth a visit and Grassi museum complex, which includes a museum of applied arts, musical instruments and an ethnographic museum.

Temples in Leipzig

Church of St. Nicholas known to the world not only as the oldest church in Leipzig, but also as a place where in the 80s townspeople who disagreed with the regime gathered for prayer services. And it was at the walls of this church that a peaceful demonstration gathered in 1989, with which the reunification of Germany began.

The Church of St. Nicholas was rebuilt more than once and now this building combines Gothic, Renaissance and neoclassicism.

Church of St. Thomas famous for its church boys' choir, led by Johann Sebastian Bach. Now, in memory of this great composer, his bust has been erected near the walls of the church, and his ashes rest in the church. But not only the memory of Bach is honored within the walls of the church - on the stained glass windows you can see images Martin Luther, F. Mendelssohn, Kaiser Wilhelm I.

Here you can see a collection of eighteenth-century musical instruments, including violins, cellos, violas, timpani and double bass, as well as hear the famous boys' choir once led by Bach himself.

St. Alexis Church-Monument of Russian Glory was built in 1913 to honor the memory of Russian soldiers participating in the Battle of the Nations. This is an Orthodox church without a dome, with bells cast from cannons from the Napoleonic Wars.

Among the attractions of the church itself, one can note a small museum, a library, an icon of the Holy Great Martyr George and a seven-tiered iconostasis.

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City architecture

Built in the mid-sixteenth century town hall building is an important part of the city, because it was on the balcony of the town hall that trumpeters played the Leipzig anthem every morning. A passage under the town hall tower, decorated with two fountains, connects Market Square And Naschmarkt.

Being the brightest example of the German Renaissance, Leipzig City Hall has become a museum of the history of the city, where visitors can see a panorama of the city, the armory, look into the treasury and the ballroom.

The Napoleonic Wars left a deep mark on the history of Leipzig. Estate Torhaus Delitz, which survived the Battle of the Nations, is now a museum that tells about this war with the help of dioramas (there are 50 of them in the museum) with tin soldiers.

Every month, members of the Leipzig community of tin figure collectors gather at the estate to show everyone the process of making tin soldiers.

The once city Chamber of Weights and Measures has now become an insurance company and looks quite modern and only from the facade Alte Waage still the same Renaissance building. In Alta Vaag five centuries ago there were large scales on which goods arriving at the city fair were weighed.

It was built in the 18th century and is a prime example of the Rococo style. A 36-meter tower rises outside the castle; inside the mansion is decorated with Baroque paintings. Today, the castle hosts symphony concerts, and weddings are also allowed here.

Despite the small number of exhibits, only some furniture and play posters Schiller, the oldest surviving peasant house in the city is of great value.

After the poet's death, the house was bought by the Schiller Society and turned into the first literary museum in Germany.

Photos of some sights of Leipzig

In addition to cultural values, Leipzig also has a gastronomic attraction - you shouldn’t leave the city without visiting a coffee shop "Tsum Arabishen Coffee Baum". Only in this coffee shop you can try almond cake "Leipzig Larks", which began to be prepared back in 1776!

Leipzig, despite its modernity, remains the same cozy town as before. A large shopping and business center, where cultural life is in full swing, has all the conditions for a bright and unforgettable pastime. We hope that after reading our article you will know exactly what you can and should see in Leipzig.

Leipzig is an ancient city with cultural and trading traditions. Located in eastern Germany in Saxony, this city with more than eight hundred years of history has always been famous for its trade fairs. The first book fair in Leipzig was held in 1497. And the university, located on the territory of this city, is more than 600 years old.

• Briefly about the city
• Modern landmarks
• Guest for one day - what to see in Leipzig

Briefly about the city

Besides, Leipzig is a city where people lived at different times and was created by such great classical composers as Felix Mendelssohn, Johann Sebastian Bach and Richard Wagner.

It was here that Goethe lived and composed his works, and most of the actions of Faust take place on the streets of Leipzig.

Thus, combining a large number of shopping areas and historical and cultural objects, Leipzig is not inferior in attractions and popularity among tourists to Florence or London. Every year, crowds of tourists strive to visit this Saxon city for at least one day, to walk along the quiet streets and admire the majestic monuments and temples. And next to the places and monuments you especially like, you can take a photo as a souvenir.

Sights of Leipzig Germany especially values ​​it as part of its history and tries to preserve it in its original form.

Since Germany is a member country of the European Union and is part of the Schengen countries, to visit and see the sights of Leipzig, a Russian tourist will need to have an open Schengen visa. At the same time, visit the city You can either directly arrive in Germany or stop by Leipzig for one day while traveling around Europe.

So what to see in Leipzig? The most famous cultural attractions of Leipzig are:

Modern landmarks

Guest for one day - what to see in Leipzig

Not all tourists travel specifically to Germany to visit Leipzig attractions, but if it suddenly turns out that you have a free day in your busy excursion schedule, we strongly recommend visiting this particular treasure trove of history.

For a traveler who wants to cover as many historical and cultural places as possible in one single day, we recommend starting your exploration from the Market Square in the old part of the city.

It was the old part of the city that concentrated the main churches, museums and monuments in its relatively small area. And the buildings themselves in this area They are unique historical monuments and invariably attract the attention of tourists. Walking through the ancient streets of Leipzig, you can fully experience the atmosphere of the Middle Ages.

So what places should you definitely visit in one day?

Also, be sure to stop by the Tsum Arabischen Coffee Baum coffee shop for a bite to eat., where you can enjoy world-famous almond cakes "Leipzig Larks", the recipe of which has not changed since 1776.

Leipzig is known as a city of grand fairs. For more than 800 years, since the time of Emperor Maximilian I, it has maintained unbreakable trade traditions. In the 17th-18th centuries, the city was the cultural and economic center of the region, a place where the then progressive printing technology flourished.

Leipzig became famous for its famous natives. The truly greatest musicians, I.S., lived here. Bach, F. Mendelssohn, R. Wagner. I.V. studied at the local university. Goethe. Numerous monuments and house-museums of these famous people remind of the great past of the city and its invaluable contribution to world culture.

The founder of the Reformation, Martin Luther, loved to frequent local restaurants. In the 20th century, it was from Leipzig that unrest began, as a result of which the Berlin Wall fell and Germany became united again.

The best hotels and hostels at affordable prices.

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What to see and where to go in Leipzig?

The most interesting and beautiful places for walks. Photos and brief description.

The building was built in the 16th century according to the design of the Saxon architect P. Speck in the style of the early German Renaissance. Subsequently, the town hall was rebuilt and reconstructed several times. The city anthem is played every Sunday from the town hall tower, performed by trumpeters. The building is located in the historical center of Leipzig on the Market Square. In the Middle Ages, this square hosted not only trade fairs, but also knightly tournaments and public executions.

The new city hall building, erected at the beginning of the 20th century on the site of a demolished 13th-century castle. The appearance of the majestic structure displays features of Art Nouveau, Renaissance and Gothic. The opening of the New Town Hall took place in the presence of the Saxon king Frederick Augustus III. The façade of the building is lavishly decorated with bas-reliefs, sculptures and decorative elements. The architectural complex is crowned by a 114-meter round tower.

The palace of the 18th century, built for the city councilor I. K. Richter according to the design of the architect F. Seltendorf. The castle was inherited by the official's wife, Christina Hitzer. Under the direction of her new husband, the interior decoration and decoration were completed. At the end of the 18th century, major cultural figures frequented the castle, which is why the place acquired a reputation as a center of spiritual life. The palace became city property after Christina's death.

A monument dedicated to the historical battle of October 16-19, 1813, when Napoleon's army met the allied forces of Prussia, the Russian Empire, Austria and Sweden near Leipzig. The monument was opened exactly 100 years after this event in 1913 in the presence of representatives of all states that took part in the battle. Thousands of tons of concrete and countless granite slabs were used to make the monument.

One of the oldest churches in Leipzig, built in the 12th century. Within the walls of the temple, the great J.S. Bach performed his immortal work “St. Matthew Passion” for the first time. The church became famous for the fact that it was here that activists gathered in 1989 with calls to tear down the Berlin Wall. Thanks to this event, the nickname “the cradle of the peaceful revolution” was firmly attached to the temple. At the moment, the Church of St. Nicholas is Lutheran.

The temple was built in the 13th century and has gone through several reconstructions over 700 years of history. The building in the late Gothic style has survived to this day. The Church of St. Thomas is known throughout the world, as J.S. served as a cantor here. Bach (the musician's grave is located inside the building). At the beginning of the 20th century, a sculpture of a musician was installed on the square in front of the temple. Also in 1539, Martin Luther himself preached a sermon in the church.

An Orthodox church erected in memory of Russian soldiers who died in the 1813 battle near Leipzig. The church was consecrated in 1913 on the centennial anniversary of the battle. The building is made in the style of tented churches of the 17th century according to the design of V. Pokrovsky. During the 20th century, the building was restored several times, which ensured its excellent preservation. The church iconostasis located inside is also made in the style of painting of the 17th century.

The collection is located on the territory of the house where I.S. once lived. Bach. The composer spent more than 25 years of his life here until his death in 1750. On the territory of the house-museum, tourists can see original scores and manuscripts belonging to the hand of the genius, as well as personal belongings of his family. Parts of the organ that Bach played have also been preserved. In 2008, the museum was transferred to the jurisdiction of the University of Leipzig.

The museum is organized in the house where F. Mendelssohn spent the last three years of his life. At that time he was the director of the city symphony orchestra. Mendelssohn became famous throughout the world thanks to the Wedding March. The house-museum is unique in that the original interior and furnishings have been preserved almost unchanged inside. The collection consists of personal belongings, sheet music, documents and letters written by the composer.

A historical museum where exhibits are exhibited from the period 1945-1989, that is, counting from the division of Germany to the fall of the Berlin Wall. The permanent exhibition was opened in 2007 and contains about 3,200 various documents, photographs, and newspaper articles. The nature of the exhibition, to put it mildly, is somewhat propaganda-oriented, since everything connected with the GDR is presented in an unflattering light. Germany, on the contrary, is shown as a bastion of justice and democracy.

An exhibition complex that unites the Museum of Applied Arts, the Museum of Musical Instruments and the Ethnographic Museum. The collections reveal diverse aspects of the history of Germany and other countries. The exhibition of musical instruments is quite interesting; the oldest example dates back to the 16th century. The Grassi Museum building was erected at the beginning of the 20th century in the Art Deco architectural style.

The meeting was founded in the mid-19th century on the initiative of local entrepreneurs and bankers. Many of them sacrificed part of their private collections to create the gallery. The museum's funds were replenished throughout the 20th century; the last major donation was given in 2004 (a collection of French paintings). The first building of the museum was destroyed in 1943, in the 2000s. a new modern structure in the form of a glass cube was built.

The city concert hall, where the symphony orchestra of the same name is located and performs. The musical group was founded in the middle of the 18th century. The historic building was destroyed during World War II, and a new concert hall was built in 1981. Brilliant European orchestras play on the site, bringing classical repertoire. Works of great German composers are often performed on stage.

Leipzig's opera tradition has existed since the beginning of the 17th century. The first building of the musical theater was erected in 1693; it was later demolished. A new building was built in 1868, but it was also destroyed during the bombing of 1943. In 1960, a modern building appeared in a rather laconic style. The stage opened with a performance of the incomparable R. Wagner's opera “Die Meistersinger of Nuremberg”.

A copy of a 16th century building located on the Market Square. The historical building, completely destroyed in 1943, was erected specifically for the Chamber of Weights and Measures. In the 19th century, Alte Waage ceased to perform its functions, as the chamber moved to another location. Until 1943, the building housed the management of the Leipzig Fair. In the 60s XX century, an inaccurate copy of Alte Wahe was created according to the design of W. Muller.

The station building was built at the beginning of the 20th century; it is considered one of the largest in the world and the largest in Europe. The length of the front facade is almost 300 meters. There are more than 100 shops inside. After partial destruction in 1943, the station was completely restored by the 60s. XX century. General reconstruction was carried out in 1990. As a result, the station has 26 platforms and serves more than 150 thousand people a day.

A coffee shop with history, where composers I.S. once loved to go. Bach, R. Schumann, R. Wagner. Even Napoleon Bonaparte himself visited this cafe. Caring guides will be happy to tell tourists all this. The establishment has been operating since the 18th century and over the past centuries has been preserved in its almost original form. The internal space is divided into Arabic, Viennese, French rooms and a coffee museum.

An old restaurant located in the historical center of Leipzig. The establishment enjoys nationwide love and undying popularity. This place was first mentioned in 1428 as a tavern where they sold wine. It was here, according to Goethe's story, that the meeting of Faust and Mephistopheles took place. If we talk about real characters, one of the famous regulars of the Auerbach Cellar was the reformer Martin Luther.

19. “Mädler-passage”

Shopping complex located in the center of Leipzig. Its history began in 1525 with a small wine bar. Over time, an exhibition hall was added. At the beginning of the 20th century, a significant expansion of the complex was carried out, while the historical cellars remained untouched. Now, in addition to the historical exhibition of wine, porcelain and leather goods, Mädler Passage houses offices and trade pavilions.

The zoo appeared in the city in 1878 at a private restaurant. Gradually it expanded and occupied an area of ​​27 hectares. The zoo is home to 850 species of animals (more than 10 thousand individuals). There is also its own aquarium, where about 2.5 thousand fish will live. One of the parts of the zoo is the Gondwanaland tropical park. It became famous throughout Europe due to its huge area and large number of exotic plants.

Toy Leipzig

About Leipzig

Leipzig(German: Leipzig, Upper Sorbian - Lipsk) is the largest city in the state of Saxony in Germany. Famous for its university and fairs. Due to the numerous fairs held in Leipzig every year, the city received the unofficial name Messestadt (city of fairs).

Slavic settlement Lipsk arose around 900. The first written mention of him (urbs Libzi) is found in the chronicle of Thietmar of Merseburg and dates back to 1015 (Chronikon VII, 25). In 1165, Otto II the Rich, Margrave of Meissen, gave Leipzig city rights and market privileges.

Leipzig was located at the intersection of the Royal (Via Regia) and Imperial (Via Imperii) roads, thanks to which it gradually became a major center of trade. The Leipzig Trade Fair was one of the first trade fairs in the world and was of great importance for economic relations with Eastern Europe.

Base University of Leipzig in 1409 led to the development of jurisprudence and publishing. Appeared Supreme Court(German: Reichsgericht), in 1912 it was founded in the city German library(German: Deutsche Bücherei).

Supreme Court. Construction time 1887–1895

At the University of Leipzig from 1661 to 1666. studied philosopher and mathematician Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz. Johann Sebastian Bach worked in Church of St. Thomas from 1723 to 1750 The composer was born in Leipzig in 1813. Richard Wagner . In the same year, the largest battle in the war began against the army of Napoleon Bonaparte, which went down in history as Battle of the Nations. In 1913, on the centenary of the battle, it was erected Monument to the Battle of the Nations.

Leipzig, 1900

Leipzig is located in a temperate climate zone, in a zone of humid temperate continental climate. The influence of the ocean is great, due to which winter temperatures are much higher than at similar latitudes in Russia. Summers are warm and humid, winters are cool and changeable. The average temperature in winter is from -5 to +7, and in summer from +13 to +23. The weather is very unstable, in winter it often happens that one day it’s +10 and raining, and the next day there’s a fairly severe frost (below -10), which leads to problems on the roads and disruption of the city’s infrastructure, because it’s almost never known for certain what weather is to be expected due to the variable and capricious climate typical of Central Europe.

The city's attractions

Church of St. Thomas(German: Thomaskirche), built in the 14th century. in the Gothic style, is best known for the world-famous boys' choir (German: Thomanerchor), founded in 1212. The church choir was led by composer Johann Sebastian Bach for 27 years. In the small square in front of the church there is a monument to Bach, and next to the church is the Bach Museum.

Church of St. Thomas at sunset

Leipzig Philharmonic Gewandhaus(German: Gewandhaus). The first Gewandhaus was built in 1781 for the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra by the architect Johann Karl Friedrich Daute. In 1884, a new building was opened, destroyed in 1944. On October 8, 1981, the third building of the Gewandhaus was opened, which is the home stage of the Leipzig Orchestra. It is located in front of the Leipzig Opera House.

Third Gewandhaus, 1981

old town hall(German: Altes Rathaus) The Old Town Hall building, built in 1556-1567. in the Renaissance style, is located in the center of the old town, on the Market Square, and serves as a museum of the history of the city. It is interesting that the facade of the building does not follow the axial symmetry accepted at that time, but is made according to the rule of the golden section: the town hall tower is shifted to the side relative to the central axis of the facade.

Photo showing the Old Town Hall. OK. 1890

Old Town Hall in Leipzig today

Old Exchange(German: Alte Börse) Behind the Old Town Hall is the Baroque Old Exchange building, which once served as a meeting place for the Leipzig merchants.

Old Exchange

New Town Hall(German: Neues Rathaus). The Leipzig New Town Hall is rightfully considered one of the most significant objects of German architectural heritage at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. For several centuries, the 13th-century medieval castle "Pleissenburg" stood on this site, demolished in 1890. And in 1897, the city authorities of the greatly expanded Leipzig, tired of huddling in the small medieval Town Hall on the Market Square, announced an all-German competition for the best architectural design of the New Town Hall. The main requirement was that the new building should resemble the appearance of Pleissenburg Castle. The New Town Hall project was implemented in 1899-1905

New Town Hall

Church of St. Nicholas(German Nikolaikirche) is the largest and at the same time the oldest church in Leipzig (1165). It arose at the crossroads of trade routes. Dedicated to Saint Nicholas - the patron saint of merchants and travelers. One of the peaks in the history of the church was the church musical activity of I.S. Bach in the years 1723-1750 as a cantor. The premieres of his works took place here. The currently installed organ was built in 1858-1862.

Church of St. Nicholas

Imperial Court Building(German: Reichsgericht), built at the end of the 19th century (1887–1895) according to the design of the architects Ludwig Hofmann and Peter Dubvad. The building currently houses the Federal Administrative Court.

Imperial Court building today

Monument to the Battle of the Nations(German: Völkerschlachtdenkmal) is one of the symbols of the city, as well as the largest monument in Europe. Built in 1898-1913. in memory of the famous Battle of the Nations on October 16-19, 1813, in which Napoleon was defeated by the allied armies of Prussia, Austria and Russia. The total height of the monument is more than 100 m, and at an altitude of 91 m there is an observation deck, which offers views of the city and the surrounding area.

Monument to the Battle of the Nations

Memorial Church of Russian Soldiers(German: Russische Gedächtniskirche). The need to preserve the memorial status of the place where the “Battle of the Nations” took place prompted Russia to build a memorial temple here. Donations have been collected since 1907 in both Russia and Germany. On April 21 (May 4), 1910, the Committee for the Construction of the Temple was formed, headed by Grand Duke Mikhail Alexandrovich. The city authorities of Leipzig provided a plot of land of 2.5 hectares, on the edge of the field where the battle took place. Preparatory work began in 1911. The foundation stone of the temple took place on December 15 (28), 1912.

St. Alexis Church-Monument of Russian Glory

Auerbach's cellar(German: Auerbachs Keller) is the most famous and one of the most ancient restaurants in Leipzig. In one American study, it was ranked fifth among the most famous restaurants in the world (after the Hofbrauhaus in Munich, Caesars Palace in Las Vegas, the Sacher Hotel in Vienna and the Hard Rock Cafe in Los Angeles). The first mention of wine trade in this place dates back to 1438. The restaurant got its modern name from its owner, city councilor and professor of medicine Dr. Heinrich Stromer, originally from Auerbach in the Upper Palatinate, who was known in Leipzig simply as “Dr. Auerbach.” The “Auerbach Cellar”, which became popular back in the 16th century, became popular. one of the most famous wine cellars in the city, owes primarily to Johann Wolfgang Goethe. During his studies in Leipzig in 1765-1768, he often looked into the “Auerbach Cellar” and heard an ancient legend that here the famous warlock Johann Faust rode up the stairs to the exit to the street riding on a large barrel, and such an event was not without the devil's help. This story and this place impressed Goethe so much that Auerbach's Cellar became the setting for the first part of his tragedy Faust.

Bronze sculptural group by Mathieu Molitor in front of the restaurant entrance, depicting Faust accompanied by Mephistopheles

Cafe and Museum "Tsum Arabishen Coffee Baum"(German: Zum arabischen Coffe Baum) is a famous old coffee house in Leipzig, a monument of culture and art. The coffee shop owes its name to its unusual baroque sign, created in 1720, in which an Easterner offers a cup of coffee, symbolizing the gift that the East gave to the West. The first mention of a coffee shop dates back to 1556. Together with the Parisian Café Prokop, this Leipzig coffee house competes for the title of the oldest coffee establishment in Europe. According to surviving documents, coffee has been served here since 1711. The coffee house served as a meeting place for many celebrities. Since 1833, Robert Schumann and his fellow musicians had a separate table here.

Facade of the Leipzig cafe "Zum Arabischen Coffee Baum"

Leipzig Zoo(German: Leipziger Zoo) is known primarily for the world's largest primate department and the largest aquarium in Europe.

Pygmy chimpanzee, bonobo (Pan paniscus), Leipzig Zoo

Alte Waage(German Alte Waage - “old scales”) is a Renaissance building in the center of Leipzig, built for the Leipzig Chamber of Weights and Measures in 1555 on the north side of the Market Square.

Alte Waage at Leipzig Market Square

Steam locomotive P8 at the railway station in Leipzig

The most prominent natives and residents of the city are:
Johann Sebastian Bach, composer, organist
Richard Wagner, opera composer, conductor, playwright, revolutionary
Werner Carl Heisenberg, physicist, creator of “Heisenberg matrix quantum mechanics”
Gustav Ludwig Hertz, physicist
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, famous poet and thinker
Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz, philosopher and mathematician
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, philosopher, representative of irrationalism